What is `abc.ABC` and `@abstractmethod` used for in Python?

Explanation

abc.ABC and @abstractmethod are used in Python to create abstract base classes. abc.ABC is a helper base class that enables the creation of abstract base classes, while @abstractmethod marks methods that must be implemented in non-abstract subclasses, ensuring interface contracts are enforced.

Key points

abc.ABC enables abstract base classes
@abstractmethod marks methods that must be implemented
Instantiating a class with unimplemented abstract methods raises TypeError
Ensures interface contracts are enforced

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