What is module scope in ES modules and how does `import` differ from CommonJS `require()`?

Question

JavaScript Developer — Hard

What is module scope in ES modules and how does `import` differ from CommonJS `require()`?

Accepted Answer

ES modules have their own scope, preventing global leakage, and use static import/export for efficient tree-shaking. CommonJS require() is synchronous and returns a copy of the exports, unlike ES imports which are live bindings.