What is the purpose of `Object.defineProperty()` and when must you use it instead of direct assignment?

Explanation

`Object.defineProperty()` is used to set property descriptor attributes and define getters/setters. This is necessary when you need non-enumerable properties, non-writable constants, or non-configurable properties. It's also used for getter/setter accessor properties.

Key points

`Object.defineProperty()` sets property descriptor attributes
Required for non-enumerable properties, non-writable constants, and non-configurable properties
Enables defining getter/setter accessor properties
Direct assignment doesn't offer these capabilities

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